Rhubarb is a popular vegetable in the UK, known for its tart flavor and versatility in both sweet and savory dishes. One of the most common questions among gardeners and cooks is when to harvest rhubarb. The timing of rhubarb harvest is crucial, as it affects the quality and flavor of the stalks. In this article, we will delve into the world of rhubarb, exploring the best time to harvest it in the UK, how to do it correctly, and provide valuable tips for growing and using this delicious vegetable.
Understanding Rhubarb Growth
Before we dive into the harvesting process, it’s essential to understand how rhubarb grows. Rhubarb is a perennial plant that thrives in the UK’s cool and temperate climate. It typically grows from crowns, which are the underground stems that produce new shoots and roots. The crowns are planted in the autumn or early spring, and the plants take about a year to establish themselves. During this time, the plants focus their energy on developing a strong root system and storing nutrients.
Rhubarb Growth Stages
Rhubarb plants go through several growth stages, each with its unique characteristics. The stages include:
Rhubarb plants typically start growing in early spring, around late February or early March, when the weather starts to warm up. During this stage, the plants produce new shoots and leaves, which are a deep red or green color. As the plants grow, the stalks start to elongate, and the leaves unfurl. This stage is critical, as it determines the quality and flavor of the rhubarb.
Forcing Rhubarb
Some gardeners use a technique called “forcing” to encourage rhubarb plants to grow earlier. Forcing involves covering the crowns with a layer of straw or a cloche to warm the soil and stimulate growth. This method can produce earlier crops, but it requires careful management to avoid damaging the plants.
When to Harvest Rhubarb in the UK
The ideal time to harvest rhubarb in the UK depends on several factors, including the variety, weather conditions, and the purpose of the harvest. Generally, rhubarb is ready to harvest in late spring, around April or May, when the stalks are tender and the leaves are fully unfurled.
Harvesting Rhubarb for Cooking
For cooking purposes, rhubarb is typically harvested when the stalks are between 30-40 cm long and about 2-3 cm thick. The stalks should be firm, but not too hard, and have a deep red or green color. It’s essential to avoid harvesting rhubarb too early, as the stalks may be too tart and fibrous.
Harvesting Rhubarb for Preservation
If you plan to preserve rhubarb, either by freezing or canning, you can harvest it at a slightly earlier stage. The stalks should be around 20-30 cm long and about 1-2 cm thick. This stage is ideal for preserving, as the stalks are still tender and have a higher water content, making them easier to process.
How to Harvest Rhubarb Correctly
Harvesting rhubarb requires care and attention to avoid damaging the plants. Here are some tips to help you harvest rhubarb correctly:
To harvest rhubarb, grasp the stalk at the base, where it meets the crown, and gently twist it away from the plant. This method helps to avoid damaging the crown and prevents the stalk from breaking off. It’s essential to leave about 2-3 cm of the stalk attached to the crown to allow the plant to regrow.
Harvesting Rhubarb in the Summer
While rhubarb is typically harvested in the spring, some varieties can be harvested in the summer. These varieties, known as “summer-bearing” rhubarb, produce new stalks throughout the summer months. However, it’s essential to avoid over-harvesting, as this can weaken the plant and reduce its productivity.
Tips for Growing Rhubarb in the UK
Growing rhubarb in the UK requires careful planning and management. Here are some tips to help you grow healthy and productive rhubarb plants:
To grow rhubarb successfully, choose a location with full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil. Rhubarb prefers a slightly acidic soil pH, around 6.0-6.5. It’s also essential to water the plants regularly, especially during hot and dry weather. A balanced fertilizer applied in the spring can help promote healthy growth and productivity.
Rhubarb Pests and Diseases
Rhubarb plants can be susceptible to pests and diseases, including slugs, snails, and crown rot. To prevent these issues, inspect the plants regularly and remove any damaged or infected leaves. A layer of organic mulch around the plants can help deter pests and retain moisture in the soil.
Using Rhubarb in Cooking
Rhubarb is a versatile vegetable that can be used in a variety of dishes, from sweet pies and tarts to savory stews and soups. Here are some ideas for using rhubarb in cooking:
Rhubarb pairs well with sweet ingredients like sugar, honey, and strawberries, making it a popular choice for desserts. However, it can also be used in savory dishes, such as stews and braises, where its tart flavor adds depth and complexity. To use rhubarb in cooking, simply wash and chop the stalks and add them to your favorite recipe.
Rhubarb Recipes
Some popular rhubarb recipes include rhubarb crumble, rhubarb pie, and rhubarb jam. These recipes showcase the unique flavor and texture of rhubarb and are perfect for using up a fresh harvest. You can also experiment with new recipes, such as rhubarb and ginger chutney or rhubarb and pork stew.
In conclusion, harvesting rhubarb in the UK requires careful planning and attention to detail. By understanding the growth stages of rhubarb, choosing the right variety, and harvesting at the correct time, you can enjoy a bountiful and delicious crop. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or a beginner cook, rhubarb is a versatile and rewarding vegetable that’s sure to become a favorite in your kitchen.
| Variety | Harvest Time | Stalk Length | Stalk Thickness |
|---|---|---|---|
| Timperley Early | April-May | 30-40 cm | 2-3 cm |
| Victoria | May-June | 40-50 cm | 3-4 cm |
- Choose a location with full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil
- Water the plants regularly, especially during hot and dry weather
- Apply a balanced fertilizer in the spring to promote healthy growth and productivity
- Inspect the plants regularly and remove any damaged or infected leaves
- Use a layer of organic mulch around the plants to deter pests and retain moisture in the soil
When is the best time to harvest rhubarb in the UK?
The best time to harvest rhubarb in the UK typically begins in late March to early April, when the stalks are around 10-12 inches long and a deep red color. It’s essential to wait until the plant has had a chance to establish itself and the stalks have reached a decent size, as harvesting too early can weaken the plant. During this period, the rhubarb is at its sweetest and tenderest, making it perfect for cooking and eating. The exact harvesting time may vary depending on weather conditions, with warmer temperatures leading to earlier harvesting.
It’s also important to note that rhubarb is typically ready to harvest around 8-10 weeks after the first signs of growth appear. In the UK, this usually coincides with the end of the winter season, when the soil has started to warm up and the days are getting longer. To ensure a continuous harvest, it’s recommended to only pick a few stalks from each plant at a time, allowing the remaining stalks to continue growing. This will encourage the plant to produce new stalks, providing a steady supply of fresh rhubarb throughout the harvesting season, which usually lasts until July or August.
How do I know when my rhubarb is ready to harvest?
To determine if your rhubarb is ready to harvest, look for stalks that are a deep red color and have reached a length of around 10-12 inches. The stalks should be firm and slightly tender, with a glossy appearance. Avoid harvesting stalks that are too thin or too thick, as they may be too tart or fibrous. It’s also essential to check the stalks regularly, as they can quickly become over-mature and develop a woody texture. If you notice any signs of bolting, such as a flower head forming, it’s best to remove the affected stalks to encourage the plant to focus its energy on producing new stalks.
When inspecting your rhubarb plants, gently grasp the stalk near the base and twist it slightly. If it comes away easily, it’s ready to harvest. Be careful not to pull too hard, as this can damage the plant and leave it vulnerable to disease. It’s also a good idea to harvest your rhubarb in the morning, when the stalks are at their most tender. This will help ensure that you get the best flavor and texture from your rhubarb, whether you’re using it in pies, tarts, or other recipes.
Can I harvest rhubarb in the first year after planting?
It’s generally recommended to avoid harvesting rhubarb in the first year after planting, as this can weaken the plant and reduce its chances of establishing a strong root system. During the first year, the plant is focusing its energy on developing its roots and building up its reserves, and harvesting the stalks can divert this energy away from the roots. Instead, allow the plant to grow and develop without harvesting, and focus on providing it with the necessary care and attention, such as watering, feeding, and mulching.
By waiting until the second year, you’ll be rewarded with a healthier and more productive plant, with a greater yield of tender and flavorful stalks. In the second year, you can start harvesting your rhubarb, but be sure to only take a few stalks from each plant, and avoid over-harvesting, which can still weaken the plant. With proper care and attention, your rhubarb plant should continue to thrive and provide you with a bountiful harvest for many years to come.
How often can I harvest rhubarb during the season?
The frequency of harvesting rhubarb during the season will depend on the specific variety, growing conditions, and how well the plant is cared for. As a general rule, you can harvest rhubarb every 1-2 weeks, taking a few stalks from each plant at a time. This will encourage the plant to produce new stalks and maintain its productivity throughout the season. However, be sure to monitor the plant’s response to harvesting and adjust your frequency accordingly. If you notice the plant is becoming weakened or the stalks are becoming thinner, it may be necessary to reduce the frequency of harvesting.
It’s also important to remember that rhubarb is a cool-season crop, and the harvesting season will typically come to an end when the weather starts to warm up in late spring or early summer. At this point, the plant will start to focus its energy on producing seeds, and the stalks will become less tender and more fibrous. To encourage the plant to produce new growth, you can remove any seed heads that form and apply a layer of mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds. This will help the plant to recover and prepare for the next year’s harvest.
Can I harvest rhubarb in the summer months?
While rhubarb is typically associated with springtime, it is possible to harvest some varieties during the summer months. However, the quality and flavor of the stalks may not be as good as those harvested in the spring. Summer-harvested rhubarb can be more tart and fibrous, and may require more sugar to balance out the flavor. Additionally, the plant may be more susceptible to disease and pests during the summer, so it’s essential to keep a close eye on its health and take action promptly if you notice any problems.
If you do choose to harvest rhubarb in the summer, be sure to only take a few stalks from each plant, and avoid over-harvesting, which can weaken the plant and reduce its productivity. It’s also a good idea to provide the plant with some shade and extra watering during the summer, to help it cope with the heat and dryness. Some varieties of rhubarb, such as ‘Cherry Red’ or ‘Glaskins Perpetual’, are more suitable for summer harvesting than others, so it’s worth checking the specific variety you are growing to see if it’s suitable for summer harvest.
How do I store harvested rhubarb to keep it fresh?
To keep harvested rhubarb fresh, it’s essential to store it in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight. You can store the stalks in the refrigerator, either wrapped in plastic wrap or aluminum foil, or placed in a sealed container. The stalks will typically keep for up to a week when stored in this way. You can also freeze rhubarb to preserve it for longer periods. Simply chop the stalks into small pieces, blanch them in boiling water for 30 seconds, and then freeze them in airtight containers or freezer bags.
When storing rhubarb, it’s essential to remove any leaves, as they contain high levels of oxalic acid, which can be toxic. Only the stalks are safe to eat, so be sure to discard any leaves and only store the stalks. You can also use rhubarb in a variety of preserved forms, such as jams, chutneys, and pickles, which can be stored for many months. By storing your harvested rhubarb properly, you can enjoy it throughout the year, even when it’s out of season.
Are there any special considerations for harvesting rhubarb in the UK’s cooler climates?
In the UK’s cooler climates, rhubarb may take longer to mature, and the harvesting season may be shorter. It’s essential to choose varieties that are specifically bred for cooler climates, such as ‘Timperley Early’ or ‘Stockbridge Arrow’, which are more tolerant of cooler temperatures and can thrive in the UK’s maritime climate. Additionally, be sure to provide your rhubarb plants with extra protection during the winter months, such as mulching and covering with a layer of straw or fleece, to help them survive the cold temperatures.
In cooler climates, it’s also important to be patient and wait for the rhubarb to mature fully before harvesting. Avoid harvesting too early, as the stalks may be too tart and fibrous. Instead, wait until the stalks have reached their full color and are slightly tender, and then harvest them regularly to encourage the plant to produce new growth. By taking these special considerations into account, you can enjoy a successful and productive rhubarb harvest, even in the UK’s cooler climates.